1. Materi Chapter IV Kelas 8: Giving instruction (Imperative)
Written By yogi permana S.P.d.I
Imperative memiliki dua tipe yaitu command dan prohibition. Command adalah perintah, sedangkan prohibition adalah larangan.
Untuk membentuk kalimat imperatif, kita gunakan kata kerja (verb 1) bentuk pertama (present) juga di sebut infinitive tanpa to.
Contoh:
- Open the door!
- Peel the apple!
- Wash the vegetables!
- Pour the water!
- Type the message!
- Listen to me!
Kata yang dicetak tebal adalah kata kerja yang digunakan untuk membuat kalimat perintah.
Untuk memperhalus perintah kita dapat menggunakan kata “please” sehingga kalimat ini disebut Request atau permintaan/permohonan. Contoh: Close the windows, please. Please clean the class room!
Terdapat 2 jenis kalimat perintah:
1. Command
Contoh:
- Boil the water for 15 minutes!
- Put the sugar and the coffee into the cup!
- Open the windows, please!
- Just wait a minute, please
- Let’s sing a song together!
- Please sweep the floor!
- Wait for seconds!
- Save the documents!
- Shutdown the computer!
- Log into your facebook account!
- Be patient to wait your computer to load!
- Be careful!
Catatan:
Kalimat perintah yang diikuti kata sifat atau kata benda diawali –to be
Contoh:
Be careful!
Be brave!
Be a good boy!
2. Prohibition (Larangan)
Untuk membentuk kalimat larangan biasanya kita dapat menambahkan kata “do not” atau don’t, atau no.
Contoh:
- Do not eat before it is warm.
- Do not log out your account!
- Stop smoking/No smoking!
- Don’t enter the room!
- Do not cheat in the examination!
- No entry!
- Don’t be angry!
- Do not be jealous!
- Don’t be lazy!
Catatan:
Untuk membentuk kalimat larangan yang diikuti kata sifat(adjective) atau kata benda (noun) ditambahkan –be/to be.
Contoh:
Don’t be shy!
Do not be late!
Dialogue 1
Adnan : Udin, let’s go out. Don’t be lazy. Get up and have some exercise outside!
Udin : Okay. Wait. Let me put on my shoes.
Dialogue 2
Shidqi : It’s hot dark in this classroom. Please turn on the lamps, Fatimah!
Fatimah : Sure.
Shidqi : Thanks, Fatimah.
Fatimah : You’re welcome.
Dialogue 3
Ani : Mom, I have to go now.
Mother : Okay, Don’t forget to bring the umbrella, honey. It’s going to rain.
Ani : Yes, mom.
Mother : Be careful, honey.
Ani : Thank you mom. Good bye
2. Materi Chapter IV Kelas 8 Asking and Giving Permission
Asking permission berarti meminta izin dari seseorang, giving permission sebaliknya memberikan izin. Berikut ini penulis akan memberikan contoh-contoh ekspresi/ungkapan meminta sekaligus memberikan izin.
May I put the rubbish down here?
Asking permission Giving permission
Accepting Refusing
- May I....?
May I use your computer?
May I wash my hands?
May I borrow your money, please?
- Can I....?
Can I ask you a question?
Can I open the door, please?
Can I help you?
- Do you mind ....?
Do you mind if I turn on the fan?
Do you mind if I smoke here?
- Is it okay....?
Is it okay if I eat here?
- Would it be all right ....?
Would it be all right if I come in?
- Sure
- All right
- No problem
- Here you are
- Yes, please
- Please feel free - I’m sorry. You can’t
- I’m afraid you can’t
- No, please don’t
Dialogue 1
Roni : Tan, It’s very hot in this room. Can I open the windows and the door?
Tania : Sure. And you can turn on the fan, too.
Roni : Okay tan, Thank you.
Tania : You’re welcome.
Dialogue 2
Receptionist : The doctors are on the way going here. We’re sorry for that. Please wait a minute.
Patient : May I go to the toilet before the doctors come?
Receptionist : Yes, please. The toilet is located in the corner.
Patient : Thank you.
Receptionist : You’re welcome.
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